Hubungan Oral Bad Habit terhadap Terjadinya Maloklusi pada Anak (Tinjauan Literatur)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.eprodenta.2023.007.02.8Keywords:
Oral bad habit, maloklusi, mengisap jari, anterior open bite, anakAbstract
Latar Belakang: Maloklusi menjadi salah satu kelainan umum yang sering terjadi dalam masyarakat. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) Nasional tahun 2018, yang menyebutkan bahwa maloklusi menempati urutan ketiga kelainan pada masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia yang memiliki prevalensi sangat tinggi yaitu sekitar 80%. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan oral bad habit dengan maloklusi pada anak. Metode: Menggunakan metode systematic literature review, pencarian jurnal menggunakan metode Boolean Search melalui database Gogle Scholar dan PubMed dalam periode 2011-2021, penyaringan dan pemilihan jurnal dengan metode PRISMA. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Oral bad habit pada anak, terutama usia lebih dari 3 (tiga) tahun, dapat memicu terjadinya maloklusi. Namun, di antara anak-anak yang memiliki oral bad habit, tidak semuanya mengalami maloklusi, karena hal tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh durasi, frekuensi, dan intensitas dari oral bad habit yang dilakukan. Kesimpulan: Oral bad habit yang paling sering dilakukan dan memengaruhi kondisi oklusi anak adalah kebiasaan mengisap jari dengan maloklusi berupa anterior open bite. Sehingga dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan oral bad habit terhadap terjadinya maloklusi pada anak.
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